turner



Nov. 20, 1923. 1,474,863 a D. TURNER 1 CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Jan.28, 1920 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 n N 2 \F m a; *Q I I: 1| aa 1 5g J l. I tIt IINVENTOR HTTORNEYS Nov. '20, 1923. 1,474,863

D.TURNER 4 CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Jan. 28, 1920 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 I NVB N TOR 2 1 4 vauxnd t m ,Mmlli INVE NTORF TORNEYS Nov.20,1923.

D. TURNER CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Jan. 28, 1920 O in. i

M \n LL I E 9kg Q 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 lNVENTOR Patented Nov. 20, 1923.

1 UNITED STATES PA'TENT OFFICE.

DOUGLAS TURNER, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR TO THE MEASUREGRAPHCOM- PANY, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

Application filed January 28, 1920. Serial No. 354,568.

To all ILZLO'UZ- it may concern:

lie it known that I, Dononns TURNER, a citizen of the United States,residing at St. Louis and State of Missouri, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Calculating Machines, of which the followingis a. specification.

This invention relates to calculating machines and its general object isto produce a compact machine of simple construction which will presentrelatively large area for carrying the computations. The features of theinvention are particularly applicable to that type of machine in which apluralitv of indicating members or rollers are carried upon a movablecarrier or cage, and one of the objects of my invention is to providesimple key-controlled means for bringing the cage into position topresent any one of the indicating members opposite the reading point ofthe machine, at the same time rotating the indicating member so as topresent the proper computation at the reading point, the computations onthe indicating members being functions of the numbers carried by thekeys. The machine is particularly adapted for performing multiplicationsand while it has a wide range of usefulness, it is expected to beespecially useful in expediting th laborious work of making up payrollsfrom workmens time cards. where the workmen have different wagerates.

In the embodiment shown I have described a pay roll calculatingmechanism which is constructed. for use with the so- Further objects ofthe invention will ap-- pear hereinafter.

The invention consists in the novel features and in the generalcombination of parts to be particularly described hereinafter, all ofwhich contribute to produce The a simple and efficient calculatingmachine. A preferred embodiment of my invention will be particularlydescribed in the following specification, while the broad scope of myinvention will be pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawing, which fully illustrates my invention,

Figure 1 is a plan view of my machine.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged detailof the sight opening and price scaleconstruction.

Fig. 4- is a transverse section along the line 4l4 of Fig. 11. y

Fig. 5 is a similar section on the line 5--5 of Fig. 11.

Fig. 6 is a similar section on the line 66 of Fig. 11.

Fig. 7 is a similar section on the line 77 of Fig. 11.

Fig. 8 is a transverse section on the line 8-8 of Fig. 11.

Fig. 9 is a section similar to Fig. 7 with the keys in depressedposition.

Fig. 10 is a view similar to Fig. 9 showing one of the locking bars inlooking engagement with one of the discs.

Fig. 11. is a horizontal section through the center line of the mainshaft.

Fig. 12 is an elevation to enlarged scale of one of the indicatingrollers or cylinders.

Fig. 12 is a vertical section therethrough.

Fig. 13 is an enlarged detail view of a pair of keys andv plunger, oneof the former being locked in depressed position.

Fig. 14 is a front elevation of the same.

Fig. 15 is a vertical section of the same.

Fig. 16 is a detail ofmodified price cylinder construction.

Fig. 17 is a plan view of a portion of the time slip holding rack.

Fig. 18 is a detail of one of the rack and pinion mechanisms. 1

Like numerals refer to like elements throughout the drawings. Themachine comprises a base 1. and two banks of keys generally indicated'bynumeral 2. The case 1 houses the mechanism and is provided with a sightopening permitting a view of the proper indicating cylinder. At the leftside of the machine is provided a handle 5 in convenient reach oi theoperator. A vertical board or rack 6 is located above the sight opening3, the same comprising a plate 7 having); the metal strips or cleats 8secured to the front "taco thereol see Fig. 1.7. These cleats or stripsare so located as to accommodate a memo or time slip between each pair,the, indicating figures on the indie/a inn" cylinders being:correspondingly spaced so that, in effect; th space between each pair icleats will accommodate the time slips of all ol the worlnnen working ata certain rate or ,z'neino slips hearing the name or number of eachworlnnan working at that rate upon which may be noted the suc cessiveindications made as a result oi? successive calculations over periods oft me for ,which the pay is to be ealcnlatedl have d signated by uuu'nra} f), for ian'iple the space between a pair of cleats which is located above the rate of r 4 1 per hour. ll itlnn the casing are provideda plurality of lfflCllCiltlDQ n'iei'nbers in the form of hori- Zontallydisposed cylinders or rolls l0 carwed in a carrier or cage termed of twosiiiders or end pieces ll. cored or apertured. at 11 for lightness seeFig. The spiders ll are carried by the shalt l2 which is journalled inball llOtlYiIlQjS it; at either end, see Fig 11, these hearings beingcarried by suitable vertical frame plates or uprights H: and Locatedbeneath the shaft is a second, horizontal shaft 16 to which attached theoperating handle 5. I have provided mechanism to yieldinn'ly transmitrotation of the shaft to the shaft which consists o! a sector or segment17 having suitable teeth termed upon its periphery. This segment is inmesh with a great or pinion l9 loosely mounted upon the shaft 12, Thispinion is i ormed with a radial arm 23 provided with a nvotallv attachedpawl which engages a ratchet wheel 21. rigid with the shaft 12. A spring24 serves to maintain the pawl 22 in contact with the ratchet 21. Thehandle is provided with a pin extending through a slot in the upright15. The segment 17 is provided witlra pin or stud ill. see Fig. 4;. anda coiled sprin 25) connects the pin 5 and the pin 1?. When the handle 5is moved to the left in the operating stroke as viewed in Fig. 4-, thetension put upon I spring 535) will rotate the sesnnent 1? which willrotate the pinion 19 and radial arm 38. The latter by virtue of theengagement oi its pawl 22, will rotate the ratchet 21. and thereby theshaft 12, the rotation of which will rotate the spiders l carryingtheindicating cylinders. this movement being; for the purpose 0 t aliningthe proper roller beneath the sight opening 3, as will. be more fullydescribed hereinafter.

Adjacent one extremity oi the shaft 16 attached an arm 25 to which isattached one end of a coiled sprin E26- the other end. thereot beingsci-lured the casino at a suitable point indicated by numeral 21., seeFigs.

p ications, are constructed so that they io ht as possible in order toeliminate is possible movement 0 the cage inomentuniu at the completiono'l' a V In the form shown in 1. for example the cylinders are l of liht aluminum tubing" 30 y i a 0' tool or the like, indicated lnuneiais3'1 and in each end thereof. The computations are printed upon thinpaper and secured to the cylinders or rolls by any suitable adhesive Theheads 31 and UK) on are provided with trunnions journalled in thesoiders 11. ot the cage, as shown in Fig. 11. Secured to extremities otthese trunnions oi? the heads 31 are gears or pinions Rotatably mountedon the shaft 12 is a sleeve 3531 see Fig. 11, which carries a gear whichis in mesh with all oi the pinions as. These gears are so constructedthat the ratio between the teeth thereon will be an integer, such ratiobeing 2, 8, 4L 5, etc, as desired. in other words, a complete rotationot the gear 34 will. result in an even number of rotations of thecylinders 10. tlecurc-d upon the sleeve 33 is a ratchet 2i (similar tothe ratchet see Fig. 8 A radial arm i2 3, carrying the pawl 22 and aspring 24, is rotatably mounted on the Slltl'l t l2 and is formed withor secured to the pinion 20. A segment or sector is provided consisting;01 a radial arm 18 having its toothed and curved portion 18 in mesh withthe pinion 20 such sector being rotatably mounted upon the shaft 16. Anoperating arm 18 is provided. the same lying in back of the sector 18.as viewed in Fig. 8. This arm ltl is also provided with airangg ularlvdisposed arm which is secured to the shall 1(3 and rotates therewith andis provided with the pin 18 to which one end of the coiled spring; 28 isattached the other end thereol being secured to a suitable pin 18" uponthe sector 1-?" see] Fig. 8, so that rotation of the shaft 16 in anoperating stroke out the handle 5 will move the rack 8 through themedium of sprii'ip E28 and thereby rotate the pinion 20. arm F23 andratchet 2i" to rotate the sleeve 3 and gear 34. The purpose of thismovement is to transmit rotation in one direction to the cylinders abouttheir in dividual axes.

I provide key controlled means for positioning: the indicating membersopposite the readi point, and tor controlling" their rotation on theiraxe This means w ll now he described. Rigziidly attached to the sleeve1s a hank or series of notched discs 36 loo 1,47 ,sea

shown as ten in number, each of these discs having the properly locatednotch 37 in its periphery. A second bank or series of discs 38 isrigidly attached. to the shaft 12, these also being ten. in number inthe form shown and being each provided with a properly lo cate d, notch.

The key hank consists of two series of ten keys arranged as shown inFig. 1, for eX- ample, one set of keys representing tenths of hours, theother representing hours, each set of keys being numbered from zero tonine inclusive. The hour keys coact with the set of discs 38 while thetenth keys coact with the discs 36. I provide means including partsmoving: with the cage, and parts moving: with the rollers 10,cooperatingr with the keys to stop the cage and also the rollers inpredetermined positions. For this purpose a lock bar L extends from be-.neath each of the tenth keys 2, see Fig. 7 for example, and a lock bar39 extends from heneath each of the hour keys 2'. Each. key isconstructed with a head 41, see Figs. 13 and I5, and a shank or plunger42 slidably mounted in the base 1 and in the horizontal bars 43, seeFig. 13. The lower part of each shank 42 is slotted as indicated bynumeral 4%, see Fig. 14, to accommodate the end of the coact-inp; lockbar 39 or 40, lock bars 39 being curved or off-set to pass beneath barswithout interference, see Fig. 7 for example. A washer 49 is slidablymounted upon each of the shanks 4.2 and rests upon the end of thecoacting locking bar, as shown in Fig. 13. Secured tothe shanks 42 arethe collars 48 and a coiled spring 50 extends between each washer 49 andthe corresponding collar 48. At the upper end of the shanks are providedwashers 16 and coiled springs 45 extend therebetween and the bars 43,these springs serving to normally maintain the keys in undepressedposition. The lockingr bars 39 and 40 are pivoted upon the rod 4:0. seeFig. 7.

Placed longitudinally one for each bank of keys 2, 2 are two series oflocking pawls 51. each. provided with upward engaging ends which, when.the keys are depressed, will slip over the collars 48 into engagementtherewith, as shown, for example, at the right hand of Fig. 13. Coiledsprings 53 coact with each set of locking pawls to normally maintain.them in position to engage the collars 48. Since each set of pawlsoperates as a unit, it would be obvious that, should the wrong key in ahorizontal bank be depressed, depression immediately thereafter of theproper key will operateto release the previously depressed key prior toretention in depressed position of the latter depressed key. Alongitudinal release bar 54 is provided to release all of the keyssimultaneously, the two sets of pawls being operatively connected by alink 55, which is slotted at 55 to permit independent actuations of thepawls during calculation operation.

The locking bars 39 and ll) have their outer extremities adjacent theperipl'ieries of the discs 36 and 38 and depression of a key will exerta yielding pressure upon one end of a locking bar to bring its other endinto contact with a corresponding disc, which will be permitted torotate until the notch therein alines itself with the end of the lockin; bar, the yieldingpressure upon which will ensure engagement orentrance of the end of the locking" bar into such notch, therel ylocking the disc against further movement.

To assist the operator in the determination of his calculations,especially where the majority of the same are made on a basis of onerate, I provide a framing device slidably mounted upon the rod 61adjacent to the sight opening 3, see Fig. 1, this framing device beingso constructed as to embrace the unit rate and the opening therebeneathin which the calculation at that rate is to be located.

In the operation of the machine. assuming, for example, that the timeslip shows an employee to have worked 3.8 hours in one day at 30 perhour, the key operating the numeral 3 in the hours bank is depressed asis the key bearing the numeral 8 in the tenths bank. Thereafter thehandle 5 is pulled toward the operator and the racks l7 and 18 arethereby rotated until the lock bars 39 and 4:0, corresponding to thedcpressed hours and tenths keys, engage with their corresponding discs38 and 36. It will be understood that the notches in the discs areproperly located in such manner that rotation of the shafts 12 will bepermitted to aline that cylinder beneath the sight opening 3 whichcorresponds to the numeral depressed in the hours bank and UIOVGIUGTltof the sleeve 33 will be effected which will rotate such cylinder onvits axis through the medium of gears Sat and 35 an amount sufficient toaline the proper set of numerals on such roll or cylinder beneath thesight opening 3. In other words, the indication beneath the sightopening: is the result of two movements,one the rotation of the cageabout the axis of shaft 12 to locate the proper cylinder beneath thesight opening and the other the rotation of such cylinder about its ownan amount sufiicient to aline the setof numerals corresponding to thedepressed tenths key beneath such openina'. Should the relation ofihenotches and locking" bars be such that. for example. the locking bar 39is engaged with one of the discs 38 prior to the engagement of the actuated locking bar 4th with one of the discs,

36, it will be apparent that movement of the shaft 12 wlll cease, butthe operating lever 5 may continue its operati strolce due to theprovision of the sprii'iy; 29, as will be apparent. In the examplegiven. where numeral key 3 ot the hours keys and numeral key 8 of thetenths keys have been depi' sod, the cylinder representing third set offigures will more during actuation ot the operating handle 5 unt'lalined beneath the opening 3 and such cyl nder will be rotated until theset ot figures representing: 0'. an hour thereon are alined at restbeneath the sight opening 53, utter v-rhich the operator will note theproduct on the memo slip in the superimposed rack and, will proceed toobtain the nets calculation.

In the tlJOVO it will be seen that the roller or cylinder ot the setcarries the 4 culations at from one-tenth of an hour t nine-tenths of anhour, a row of blanks l1 ing left representing zero-tenths indication.The second cylii'ider will bear the calculations for one hour to 1.9hours and so on.

It is to he noted that with the mechanism described, where calculationfor an even hour is to be made, not only is the proper hour keydepressed, but the zero key ot' the tenths set is also depre 'od,Similarl where the total tor a traction of an hour is to he obtained,the zero hours key is do pressed in addition to the proper tenths trey.

It will be obvious that, while 1 have de scribed and illustrated amachine intended to calculate according to the International timesystem, the sets of figures may be varied to accord with anyrequirements where the use of a single multiplier and multiplicandinvolved. In Fig. tor example, i have illustrated a removable thimble(33 hearing the desired indications, which may be slipped upon thecylinder 63, the thimble having the tongue 62 slidable in the groove 63"to ensure proper positionim': oi the thimblc. This construction permitsready replacement ot calculatin5;- thimblcs, it desired.

It is understood that the embodiment ot the invention described hereinonly one of the many embodiments my invention mav take, and I do notwish to be limited in the practice o't my invention nor in my claims, tothe particular embodiment set forth.

hat I claim is:-

it. A. machine of the class dcscrihcd, having a sight opening, aplurality ot indicatin; members, each carrying a series of prod uctsthereon, a lzey-controlled means to position any of said members beneathsaid opening, aud'a hey controlled means to position the proper producton said member.

2. A machine of the class described, having a sight opening, a pluralityof indicating members, each carrying a series of products thereon, akey-contritilled means to pm sition any of said members beneath saidopening, a key-controlled means to position in a machine ot the classdescribed, a plurality 03 indicating cylinder-:11, a plu rality ofproducts on each of said cylinders, means to rotate all of said cylindesahout a common axis, means to rcrolre each o t said cylinders about itsown axis, l\:e ,---.ictuatcl mechanism to control said lirst-nau'iedmovement, and key-actuated meclmnis to control said seconduuunedll'lOYQlllfillt of said cylinders.

' 5. In mechanism of the class described, an indicating cylinder, arotatable cylinder carrying means, means to re olvc said cylinder aboutits axis, means to control the rotation of said carrying means, saidlast-named means comprising a disc having a notch, a locking bar hayinmeans adapted to ensaid notch, actuating' means for the locking baroperable to more said bu r into yielding engagement with said disc. andmeans associated therewith for yieldingly pressing the locking baragainst the disc.

6. In mechanism ot the class described, a plurality of indicatingcylinders, a rot :1 t able cylinder carrying means, means to revolresaid cylinders about their axes, mea us to control such revolution, saidmeans comprising disks, locking bar.) and lrcy actuated means operableto move said locking bars into engagement with said disks, the latterbeing notched, and said. locking bars each ha ring means to engage thenotch ot a corresponding disk.

7. In a machine of the class described a rotatable shaft, spaced apartage members carried by said sha'tt, a plurality of indicatinu cylindersj ournalled in said cage mom hers, pinions operatively attached to saidcylinders, a rotatable gear in constant mesh with all of said pinions,and key-controlled means for rotating the gear and the cage members.

8. In a machine of the class described, a rotatable shaft, spaced apartcage members carried by said. shaft. plurality of indicating cylindersjournalled in said cage members, pinions operatively attached to saidcylinders, a ITOtttlTfLblQ gear in constant mesh with all of saidpinions, key-controlled means for stopping the rotation of the cagemembers and the cylinders in predetermined positions, and manuallyoperated. yielding means for rotating the cage-members and thecylinders.

9. In a machine of the class described a rotatable shaft, spaced apartcage members carried by said shaft, a plurality of indi cating cylindersjournalled in said cage memhere, means to rotate said shaft, said meanscomprising an operating handle, a pinion carried by said shaft, asegment in mesh with said pinion and means to yieldingly connect saidoperating handle to said segment.

10. T11 a mechanism of the class described, a rotatable shaft, memberscarried thereby, indicating, members journalled therein, means to rotatesaid shaft, said neans comprising a pinion carried by said shaft, asector-shaped rack in mesh therewith, means to rotate said rack, saidmeans comprising an actuating handle, a shaft,,

said rack being journalled on said shaft, and means operativelyconnecting said actuating handle to said rack, said means comprising acoiled spring.

11. in a machine of the class described, a rotatable shaft, cage memberscarried there by, indicating cylinders journalled in said cage members,pinions carried by said indicating members, a sleeve journalled on saidshaft, a gear carried by said sleeve in mesh with said indicating memberand pinions, means to rotate said sleeve, said means com.- prising. asecond shaft, a sector-shaped rack rotatable thereon, a pinion carriedby said sleeve in mesh with said rack, and means to operatively connectsaid rack to said secondnamed shaft, said means comprising a coiledspring.

12. In alnachine of the class described, rotatable cage members,indicating members journalled in said cage members, said indicatingmembers being provided with pinions, a gear in mesh with said pinions, asleeve carrying said gear, a plurality of discs carried by said sleeve,and a plurality of looking bars coactable, one with each of said discs.

13. in a machine of the class described, rotatable cage members,indicating members journalled in said cage members, said inclicatingmembers being provided with pinions, a gear in mesh with said pinions, asleeve carrying said gear, a plurality of discs carried by said sleeve,and a plurality of locking bars coactable, one with each of said discsand means to maintain said bars when actuated in yielding contact withsaid disks.

rotatable cage members, a shaft carrying said cage members. indicatingcylinders carried i said cage members, means to rotate iid shaft, aplurality of discs carried thereby and a plurality of lockingbarscoactable with said discs, each of said discs being notched and each ofsaid bars being provided with means to engage a notch in one of saiddiscs.

16. In a machine of the class described, a rotatable disc, a pivotedlocking bar, said disc being provided with a notch, said looking barhaving a portion engageable with said notch, means to actuate saidlocking bar, said means comprisin a depressible plunger, a washerslidably mounted upon said plunger in engagement with said locln ingbar, and a spring contacting with said Washer and operatively interposedbetween said plunger and washer to yieldingly press the locking baragainst the disc and move the bar into the notch when the same comesopposite to the bar.

17. In mechanism of the class described, a carrying member, a pluralityof indicating cylinders rotatably mounted in said carrying member, ashaft, said carrying member being secured thereto, a common actuatinghandle, means to transmit rotation thereof to said shaft, gear mechanismto revolve said indicating members about their axes, and means totransmit the rotation of said actuating handle to said gear mechanism.

l8. In mechanism of the class described, a shaft, spiders carriedthereby to rotate therewith, a plurality of indicating cylindersjournalled between said spiders, means to revolve said indicatingmembers about their individual axes comprising gear and pinionmechanism, a second shaft, an actuating handle secured thereto, yieldingmeans for transmitting the rotation of said second shaft to said firstshaft, and yieldin means for transmitting the rotation of sai secondshaft to said gear and pinion mechanism, said yielding means operatingto enable either the spiders or the gear and pinion mechanism to beindependently stopped.

19. In mechanism of the class described, a rotatable shaft, spiderscarried thereby, a plurality of revoluble indicating cylindersjournalled between said frame members, means to revolve said indicatingmembers about their individual axes, said means comprising pinions, anda gear in mesh there with, a sleeve rotatable on said shaft and carryingsaid gear, means to rotate said shaft, means to independently rotatesaid sleeve, a second shaft, an actuating handle attached thereto, andmeans to actuate each of said rotation causing means, said last namedmeans including yieldable elements.

20. In a calculating machine of the kind described, a casing, arotatable cage mounted therein, a plurality of rotatable indicatingrollers bearing computations, and carried by rollers in predeterminedPOSltlOnSJX common lie cage a set of cage-controlling keys, operatinghandle and yielding means aotu 10 means controlled by said keys andincluding med thereby for rotating the cage and "for means moving Withthe cage for stopping rotating the rollers.

the some at predetermined positions, a set In testimony whereof I havesubscribed of roller controlling keys, means controlled my name.

by said. last named keys and inoludingineans moving With the rollers forstopping the DOUGLAS TURNER.

